Pelvic Reconstruction
Pelvic reconstruction refers to procedures done to restore the appearance and function of structures within the pelvis area.
Pelvic reconstruction involves surgical techniques used to repair muscles, tissues, and organs within the pelvic region.
- Pelvic organs include the bladder, rectum, uterus, cervix, and vagina
- Procedures may address structural abnormalities or injuries
- Surgery may restore both appearance and function
Why Pelvic Reconstruction May Be Necessary
One of the more common reasons for pelvic reconstruction is pelvic organ prolapse, a condition where the pelvic floor tissues and muscles are no longer able to support pelvic organs. As a result, organs that include the vagina, rectum, bladder, cervix, uterus, and rectum may shift position and cause numerous problems.
Other times, pelvic reconstruction may be necessary if there are deformities that are contributing to urinary system issues such as chronic urinary incontinence or recurring bladder and urinary tract infections. Some patients may need pelvic reconstruction surgery due to:
How Pelvic Reconstruction Is Performed
Some pelvic procedures, such as cystocele repair and rectocele repair, involve tightening tissues around the bladder or rectum and the vagina. In women, surgery may be done through the abdomen or vagina, depending on the specific location of the pelvic organs and tissues affected. Vaginally placed mesh is sometimes used with certain reconstruction procedures. Men may require surgery performed through the abdomen to restore the ability of pelvic muscles to support the bladder and bowel.
When possible, a urologist will use minimally invasive techniques that require smaller incisions when performing reconstructive surgery. Some procedures are performed laparoscopically, while some reconstructive surgeries are done with robotic assistance. In some cases, the pelvic bone itself may be reconstructed with the insertion of screws and plates. If pelvic organs have fallen out of place, surgery will also involve restoring the affected organs to their original position and repairing any related tissue damage.
Surgical Goals
During pelvic reconstruction surgery, the surgeon may reposition organs that have shifted out of place and repair weakened or damaged tissues. Procedures such as cystocele repair or rectocele repair may tighten tissues surrounding the bladder or rectum. In some cases, minimally invasive surgical techniques are used to reduce recovery time while still restoring normal pelvic support.
